Doctoral Studies and Qualifications in Europe and the United States. - German Education Server

Sadlak, Jan

Doctoral Studies and Qualifications in Europe and the United States.

Status and Prospects.

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Beginning with information about general trends and legal and institutional arrangements, the case studies go on to analyze in detail some problems of particular relevance: The place of Doctoral studies in the overall structure of programmes offered by higher education institutions; The status of persons undertaking studies and research leading to Doctoral qualifications: are they still students, or already researchers? The role of institutions other than those of higher education, bearing in mind that in a number of countries Doctoral qualifications can also be earned in academies of science or other research organizations - including the evaluation of Doctoral degrees and qualifications obtained abroad; The procedures for the award of Doctoral qualifications, and the role of external bodies in validating them; The costs of the research generally required for the award of Doctoral qualifications. Contents: Sadlak, Jan: Preface - and Introduction to Theme. - I. Pechar, Hans/Thomas, Jan: Austria. - II. Lemerle, Jean: France. - III. Hüfner, Klaus: Germany. - IV. Moscati, Roberto: Italy. - V. Weert, Egbert de: The Netherlands. - VI. Broch, Ingvild/Hyllseth, Berit: Norway. - VII. Kwiek, Marek: Poland. - VIII. Bratianu, Constantin: Romania. - IX. Knyazev, Evgeny: The Russian Federation. - X. Ruiz-Rivas, Carmen: Spain. - XI. Mähler, Helena: Sweden. - XII. Taylor, John: The United Kingdom. - XIII. Altbach, Philip G.: The United States - Present Realities and Future Trends. - XIV. Kehm, Barbara M.: Developing doctoral degrees and qualifications in Europe - Good practices and Issues of Concern. A comparative analysis. (HoF/text adopted).